The province of Guantánamo is made up of two main natural regions: the Guantánamo Valley, with a flat relief and an extended exchange bay. It presents important rivers that shape the third basin at the national level, called Guantanamo - Guaso, where 80% of the population of the territory is concentrated. The main rivers are Toa, Miel, Duaba, Guaso and Yumurí, among others. The most productive soils are the alluvial ones dedicated to agricultural activity: sugarcane, different crops, areas for cattle development and forestry.
The mountainous area comprises 75% of the territory, where the Sagua - Baracoa Massif is located, one of the largest and most attractive in the country. In the north there is a narrow coastal strip with extensive coconut plantations cut by the mouth of many rivers, the south extends a coastal strip with the presence of alluvial valleys within the mountains where agricultural activity is practiced, separated from the coastline by slopes in the form of marine terraces. In the far east, the plateau of Maisi is one of the best systems of marine terraces in the world, with many caves of great beauty.
The mountainous north slope of the territory, has the characteristic of having a well developed hydrographic network, many rivers, among them the Toa River cataloged as the most abundant in Cuba. The southern slope, where the highest density of population is concentrated and where the best land for agriculture exists.
The semi-Cuban desert, which leads to the La Farola viaduct through which it rises to the Prize of Cuba, is discovered through the southern coast. An elegant conjugation of the colonial with the beautiful natural landscapes that favor the most diverse popular values for their peculiarity and beauty.
Weather of Baracoa - Guantánamo
The province is distinguished by its Tropical Savanna climate, which is defined in two periods, dry and rainy, with rainfall ranging between 800 - 1,200 mm per year. Temperatures are high with an annual average between 25 and 26 degrees Celsius, evaporation is one of the highest in the country with more than 2,000 mm in its entirety. Pleasant and ideal climate to enjoy the tourist attractions of the region.
Not very rainy (November to April):
Known as winter, the variations of weather and climate become more noticeable, with abrupt changes in daily time, associated with the passage of frontal systems. It is more noticeable in the western half than in the eastern half.
Rainy (May to October):
Known as summer, there are few variations in time, with the most important changes being the passage of eastern waves and tropical cyclones.
The hurricane season throughout Cuba is from June 1 to November 30.
The climate of Guantanamo has interesting characteristics that differentiate it from the rest of the island, since in its northern slope of the Sagua - Baracoa mountain range, the highest values of annual precipitation in the country are recorded above 1 200 mm, and in the slope south of the massif the lowest rates of rainfall at the nation level that do not exceed 800 mm per year.
The average annual temperature of Guantánamo fluctuates between 25 ºC and 26.8 ºC in the flat zone, and between 20 ºC and 24 ºC in the mountainous part, and the relative humidity ranges from 70 to 86%.